Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Espitia-Hardeman V[original query] |
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The burden of childhood injuries and evidence based strategies developed using the injury surveillance system in Pasto, Colombia
Espitia-Hardeman V , Borse NN , Dellinger AM , Betancourt CE , Villareal AN , Caicedo LD , Portillo C . Inj Prev 2011 17 Suppl 1 i38-44 OBJECTIVE: This article characterises the burden of childhood injuries and provides examples of evidence-based injury prevention strategies developed using a citywide injury surveillance system in Pasto, Colombia. METHODS: Fatal (2003-2007) and non-fatal (2006-2007) childhood injury data were analysed by age, sex, cause, intent, place of occurrence, and disposition. RESULTS: Boys accounted for 71.5% of fatal and 64.9% of non-fatal injuries. The overall fatality rate for all injuries was 170.8 per 100,000 and the non-fatal injury rate was 4,053 per 100,000. Unintentional injuries were the leading causes of fatal injuries for all age groups, except for those 15-19 years whose top four leading causes were violence-related. Among non-fatal injuries, falls was the leading mechanism in the group 0-14 years. Interpersonal violence with a sharp object was the most important cause for boys aged 15-19 years. Home was the most frequent place of occurrence for both fatal and non-fatal injuries for young children 0-4 years old. Home, school and public places became an important place for injuries for boys in the age group 5-15 years. The highest case-fatality rate was for self-inflicted injuries (8.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Although some interventions have been implemented in Pasto to reduce injuries, it is necessary to further explore risk factors to better focus prevention strategies and their evaluation. We discuss three evidence-based strategies developed to prevent firework-related injuries during festival, self-inflicted injuries, and road traffic-related injuries, designed and implemented based on the injury surveillance data. |
Alcohol and suicide among racial/ethnic populations - 17 states, 2005-2006
Crosby C , Espitia-Hardeman V , Hill HA , Ortega L , Clavel-Arcas C . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009 58 (23) 637-41 During 2001-2005, an estimated annual 79,646 alcohol-attributable deaths (AAD) and 2.3 million years of potential life lost (YPLL) were attributed to the harmful effects of excessive alcohol use. An estimated 5,800 AAD and 189,667 YPLL were associated annually with suicide. The burden of suicide varies widely among racial and ethnic populations in the United States, and limited data are available to describe the role of alcohol in suicides in these populations. To examine the relationship between alcohol and suicide among racial/ethnic populations, CDC analyzed data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) for the 2-year period 2005-2006 (the most recent data available). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that the overall prevalence of alcohol intoxication (i.e., blood alcohol concentration [BAC] at or above the legal limit of 0.08 g/dL) was nearly 24% among suicide decedents tested for alcohol, with the highest percentage occurring among American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) (37%), followed by Hispanics (29%) and persons aged 20-49 years (28%). These results indicate that many populations can benefit from comprehensive and culturally appropriate suicide-prevention strategies that include efforts to reduce alcohol consumption, especially programs that focus on persons aged <50 years. |
Alcohol-associated injury visits to emergency departments in Pasto, Colombia in 2006
Espitia-Hardeman V , Hungerford D , Hill HA , Betancourt CE , Villareal AN , Caycedo LD , Portillo C . Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2010 17 (2) 1-5 According to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), alcohol is the most important risk to health in low- and middle-income countries in the Americas and the second in developed countries (Monteiro, 1993). Despite regional variation, alcohol consumption in the Americas averaged more than 50% higher than worldwide consumption (Rehm & Monteiro, Citation2005). The biggest problem is not alcoholism, but excessive consumption by people who drink socially. | In Colombia, the relationship between alcohol use and injuries has not been well studied. In a national survey (Republica de Colombia, Ministerio del Interior y de Justicia. Direccion Nacional de Estupefacientes. Estudio Nacional sobre Consumo de Sustancias Sicoactivas. Departamento Nacional de Estupefacientes, Citation1996), 59.8% of respondents consumed alcohol in the previous year and 35% in the last month. The Forensic Medicine Institute, which tests blood alcohol concentration (BAC) identified excessive consumption as a precipitating factor for child maltreatment, and intimate partner violence (Forensis, Datos para la Vida. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, Citation2006). In 2006, 13% of homicides and 17% of road traffic-related deaths had a positive BAC (C.E. Betancourt, S. Morales, & K. Balvuena, personal communication, September 2008). The Road Traffic Prevention Foundation reported that alcohol consumption was also an important cause of pedestrian injuries (Fondo de Prevención Vial – Fonvial, Citation2005). |
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